Treatments - Heart Failure

Heart failure usually requires a treatment programme of

• appropriate dietary changes (e.g. low salt)
• drugs such as
• ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors
• beta blockers
• digitalis
• diuretics
• pacemakers (in carefully selected patients)

Various drugs are used to treat congestive heart failure. They perform different functions. ACE-inhibitors expand the blood vessels and decrease the heart’s workload. This allows blood to flow more easily and makes the heart's work easier or more efficient. Beta blockers can improve how well the heart's left lower chamber (left ventricle) pumps and they also lower blood pressure and heart rate. Both ACE-inhibitors and beta-blockers can significantly improve the symptoms and increase the life expectancy of heart failure patients. Digitalis increases the pumping action of the heart, while diuretics help the body eliminate excess salt and water.

Some patients with heart failure may benefit from a special type of pacemaker called a biventricular pacemaker. This works by improving the efficiency and strength of the pumping action of the heart. Several clinical trials have shown that these devices can significantly improve patient symptoms and longevity in carefully selected cases.

When a specific cause of heart failure is discovered, it should be treated or, if possible, corrected. For example, some cases of heart failure can be improved by treating high blood pressure. If the heart failure is caused by an abnormal heart valve, the valve may be surgically replaced.

If the heart becomes so damaged that it can't be repaired, a heart transplant could be an option.

Most people with mild and moderate heart failure can be treated successfully as long as there proper medical supervision and access to specialist care when required.