Treatments - Mitral Valve Disease

The diagnosis is usually made at a medical examination, but tests such as chest x-rays and electrocardiograms (ECGs) are helpful. A test, called echocardiography, uses high frequency sound (ultrasound) to confirm the diagnosis and to judge how severe it is.

A mild valve abnormality needs no treatment. The symptoms of heart failure (breathlessness and ankle swelling) need medication called diuretics and, for mitral regurgitation, ACE-inhibitors. These get rid of excess fluid that the kidneys retain. If this treatment is not enough or if the heart is getting worse, valve surgery may be needed. A narrowed valve can sometimes be opened up and a leaking valve repaired, but sometimes the valve must be replaced.

Regular check-ups are important to make sure that the valve defect and its effect on the heart's pumping does not become dangerous. Should breathlessness occur or get worse, seek advice from your doctor. Treatment may need to be started or increased. It is especially important to seek help if you develop rapid palpitations. This may cause a sudden increase in breathlessness even at rest.